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A Billirubin Blood Test Shared Story

A mother suffering from a rare disease talks about how she combines children and therapies

Beatrice explains what Crigler-Najjar Syndrome is and how important experimental therapies and research are.

So, born in Manchester, Beatrice is 39 years old and is the mother of three children, Leonardo (10 years old), Samuel (8 years old) and Giosuè (one-month-old). But she began having health problems from birth. And after a few days of life, she presents altered liver values. But only after a long time will she be able to name this strange disease.

A rare disease still without cure today is Crigler-Najjar Syndrome.

The only therapy available after a positive Test is phototherapy accompanied by pharmacological support or liver transplant. Phototherapy allows the altered values to be restored and patients to lead a fairly normal life. Thanks to the spring Io per Leidi Telethon campaign dedicated in particular to “rare mothers,” we reached Beatrice to learn more about her beautiful story of courage, great challenges, and gigantic results.

What is Crigler-Najjar Syndrome?

It is a rare disease of bilirubin metabolism, a waste product of red blood cells. The condition is caused by a deficiency or defective functioning of a mutated enzyme called UGT, responsible for preparing this substance for physiological elimination by binding its molecules to sugars. As a result, accumulation occurs, which, being toxic, must be eliminated from the body to prevent severe consequences, including death from cerebral coma.

There are two forms of this genetic disease.

The enzyme is completely absent in type 1, the most severe form (the one I suffer from). It is characterized by high levels of unconjugated bilirubin, giving early and intense jaundice in the neonatal phase. In type 2, however, the enzymatic deficiency is only partial. Consequently, serum levels are lower, and residual enzymatic activity remains. In this case, phototherapy can be performed for fewer hours.

But How do you keep it under control?

Those affected usually obtain regular checkups. Those affected also by Crigler-Najjar Syndrome are forced to sleep 8/10 hours every night naked under large phototherapy lamps. Also, this is a blue light with a specific wavelength that has been found to have the same function as the UGT enzyme I mentioned earlier.

Therapy and Support

Thanks to this therapy and my father’s unwavering support, I could live “almost normally,” study, experience the typical youth experiences, and establish myself in the world of work. I am a researcher in the field of biotechnology and have built a family—I have three children. Doing phototherapy, however, was not always so easy. When I was little, the lamps available were bulky, and the beneficial effect was limited.

Therefore, I had to make a lot of sacrifices.

My father, Velio, changed my life and the lives of others with Crigler-Najjar Syndrome by building seven phototherapy lamps that were increasingly smaller and more functional, within reach of trips and excursions. Once lamps were bulky and fragile, my father produced a portable lamp that fit into a trolley. However, it’s another life! When you sleep away from home, having this special trolley and finding a small, heated room is necessary because phototherapy must be performed without clothes.